Which of the following statements is true regarding a testimony?

Testimony is a formal statement made by a witness under oath, typically in a legal setting such as a courtroom. This process ensures that the information shared is credible and will be held to the legal standards that govern court proceedings. The requirement for testimony to be given under oath is fundamental because it reinforces the obligation of the witness to tell the truth, which is crucial for the integrity of the legal process.

This understanding of testimony highlights its purpose in law – to provide reliable, truthful accounts of facts relevant to the case at hand. Unlike written statements, which can be prepared outside of the court, in-person oral testimony allows for direct examination and cross-examination, further validating the testimony's authenticity.

The other options do not accurately describe the nature of testimony. While some testimony can be documented in writing (but not exclusively so), oral statements are essential in legal contexts. Also, testimony inherently requires verification as it can be challenged and scrutinized in court, and it is not obligated to be favorable to any party involved in a case, including the accused. As witnesses are tasked with relaying their honest recollections of events, their statements may reflect any aspect of the truth, irrespective of the consequences for the individuals involved.