What type of communication does "libel" refer to?

Libel refers specifically to false written communication that injures a person's reputation. It involves making untrue statements about someone, typically in a printed or published format, which can damage their character or standing in the community. This could include things like articles, books, social media posts, or other written forms.

In contrast, other types of communication do not align with the definition of libel. For instance, verbal falsehoods fall under slander, which is distinct from libel. True statements, even if they have negative implications, do not constitute libel, as truth is a defense against such claims. Additionally, the term "any type of public statement" is too broad to specifically relate to libel, as it encompasses statements that could be true or damaging without necessarily being written. Therefore, the specific focus on false written communication makes the correct answer clear.